NOTABLE ITEMS FOR THE QUARTER INCLUDE:
- DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE WERE $0.19 FOR THE CURRENT QUARTER COMPARED TO $0.27 FOR THE TRAILING QUARTER, AND $0.15 FOR THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2024.
- Fourth Quarter 2024 earnings included a gain of $3.4 million, or $0.06 per share, on the sale and consolidation of a branch in December 2024.
- NET INTEREST MARGIN INCREASED TO 2.38% FOR THE CURRENT QUARTER AS COMPARED TO 2.18% FOR THE TRAILING QUARTER AND 2.03% FOR THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2024, REFLECTING LOWER FUNDING COSTS AND HIGHER YIELDS ON INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS.
- DEPOSITS (EXCLUDING BROKERED) INCREASED $133.6 MILLION, OR 13.8% ANNUALIZED, FROM DECEMBER 31, 2024. COST OF DEPOSITS AT MARCH 31, 2025 WAS 1.94% AS COMPARED TO 1.95% AT DECEMBER 31, 2024.
- LOANS DECLINED BY $30.7 MILLION, OR 3.0% ANNUALIZED, FROM DECEMBER 31, 2024, PRIMARILY DUE TO A DECREASE IN MULTIFAMILY LOANS, PARTIALLY OFFSET BY INCREASES IN HOME EQUITY AND CONSTRUCTION AND LAND LOANS.
- ASSET QUALITY REMAINS STRONG WITH NON-PERFORMING LOANS TO TOTAL LOANS AT 0.48% AT MARCH 31, 2025 AND 0.51% AT DECEMBER 31, 2024.
- THE COMPANY MAINTAINED STRONG LIQUIDITY WITH APPROXIMATELY $1.12 BILLION IN UNPLEDGED AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES AND LOANS READILY AVAILABLE-FOR-PLEDGE OF APPROXIMATELY $547 MILLION.
- THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS APPROVED A $10.0 MILLION REPURCHASE PLAN ON APRIL 23, 2025. THE PREVIOUSLY APPROVED $5.0 MILLION PLAN WAS COMPLETED DURING THE CURRENT QUARTER AND THE COMPANY REPURCHASED 440,150 SHARES.
- CASH DIVIDEND DECLARED OF $0.13 PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK, PAYABLE ON MAY 21, 2025, TO STOCKHOLDERS OF RECORD AS OF MAY 7, 2025.
Commenting on the quarter, Steven M. Klein, the Company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer stated, "The Northfield team continued to focus on growing our franchise, deploying our strong capital base, and delivering solid financial performance for the quarter.” Mr. Klein commented further, "We remained focused on serving our communities, and the fundamentals of reducing our funding costs and increasing the yield on our interest-earning assets resulting in higher net interest income and net interest margin.” Mr. Klein further stated, "We remain committed to prudently managing our operating expenses, maintaining strong asset quality, and managing our strong capital levels through dividends and stock repurchases.”
Mr. Klein concluded, "I am pleased to announce that the Board of Directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.13 per common share, payable on May 21, 2025 to stockholders of record on May 7, 2025.”
Results of Operations
Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
Net income was $7.9 million and $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. Significant variances from the comparable prior year period are as follows: a $3.9 million increase in net interest income, a $2.2 million increase in the provision for credit losses on loans, a $359,000 decrease in non-interest income, an $897,000 decrease in non-interest expense, and a $616,000 increase in income tax expense.
Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, increased $3.9 million, or 14.0%, to $31.8 million, from $27.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to a $2.5 million decrease in interest expense and a $1.4 million increase in interest income. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to a decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities which decreased by 15 basis points to 2.74% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from 2.89% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, driven by a 20 basis point decrease in the cost of borrowed funds to 3.67% from 3.87%, partially offset by a two basis point increase in the cost of interest-bearing deposits to 2.51% from 2.49%, due to a higher concentration of certificates of deposit. The decrease in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities was primarily due to a $413.6 million, or 37.3% decrease in the average balance of borrowed funds, partially offset by a $307.8 million, or 9.9%, increase in the average balance of interest-bearing deposits. The increase in interest income was primarily due to a 23 basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets, specifically higher yields on mortgage-backed securities, partially offset by a $104.0 million, or 1.9%, decrease in the average balance of interest earning assets. The decrease in the average balance of interest-earning assets was primarily due to decreases in the average balance of other securities of $273.9 million, the average balance of loans of $167.4 million and the average balance of interest-earning deposits in financial institutions of $143.9 million, partially offset by an increase in the average balance of mortgage-backed securities of $483.9 million.
Net interest margin increased by 35 basis points to 2.38% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from 2.03% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in net interest margin was primarily due to higher yields on mortgage-backed securities, coupled with a decrease in the cost of borrowed funds. The Company accreted interest income related to purchased credit-deteriorated ("PCD”) loans of $223,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $426,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, included loan prepayment income of $245,000 as compared to $351,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The provision for credit losses on loans increased by $2.2 million to $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $415,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to higher net charge-offs, changes in model assumptions, including a reduction in prepayment speeds and an increase in loss given defaults in the multifamily loans related to risk rating downgrades of certain loans in the portfolio. Net charge-offs were $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to $2.4 million in net charge-offs on small business unsecured commercial and industrial loans, as compared to net charge-offs of $911,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Management continues to closely monitor the small business unsecured commercial and industrial loan portfolio, which totaled $25.5 million at March 31, 2025.
Non-interest income decreased by $359,000, or 10.6%, to $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease of $998,000 in gains on sales of trading securities, partially offset by an increase in income on bank-owned life insurance of $675,000, primarily related to the exchange of certain policies late in the fourth quarter of 2024 which have higher yields. Losses on trading securities in the three months ended March 31, 2025, were $299,000, as compared to gains of $699,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The trading portfolio is utilized to fund the Company's deferred compensation obligation to certain employees and directors of the plan. The participants of this plan, at their election, defer a portion of their compensation. Gains and losses on trading securities have no effect on net income since participants benefit from, and bear the full risk of, changes in the trading securities market values. Therefore, the Company records an equal and offsetting amount in compensation expense, reflecting the change in the Company's obligations under the plan.
Non-interest expense decreased $897,000, or 4.0%, to $21.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $22.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a $990,000 decrease in employee compensation and benefits, primarily attributable to a decrease in deferred compensation expense, which is described above, and had no effect on net income. Additionally, there was a $268,000 decrease in advertising expense. Partially offsetting the decreases were increases of $263,000 in professional fees related to outsourced audit services and recruitment fees and $164,000 in other expense.
The Company recorded income tax expense of $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The effective tax rate for both the three months ended March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024, was 27.0%. The effective tax rate for three months ending March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024, were negatively impacted by increased tax expense of $79,000 and $18,000, respectively, as a result of vesting of stock awards.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
Net income was $7.9 million and $11.3 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. Significant variances from the prior quarter are as follows: a $2.1 million increase in net interest income, a $640,000 increase in the provision for credit losses on loans, a $4.0 million decrease in non-interest income, a $613,000 increase in non-interest expense, and a $246,000 increase in income tax expense.
Net interest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, increased by $2.1 million, or 7.1%, primarily due to a $1.7 million decrease in interest expense and a $370,000 increase in interest income. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to an 11 basis point decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities to 2.74% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, from 2.85% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, and a $7.0 million, or 0.2%, decrease in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities attributable to an $80.4 million decrease in the average balance of borrowed funds, partially offset by a $73.3 million increase in the average balance of interest-bearing deposits. The increase in interest income was primarily due to an 11 basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets and a $206,000 increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets primarily due to an increase in the average balance of mortgage-backed securities of $182.4 million, partially offset by decreases in the average balance of interest-earning deposits in financial institutions of $85.2 million, the average balance of other securities of $59.4 million, and the average balance of loans of $37.5 million.
Net interest margin increased by 20 basis points to 2.38% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, from 2.18% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to higher yields on loans and mortgage-backed securities coupled with a decrease in the cost of funds. Net interest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, included loan prepayment income of $245,000 as compared to $215,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The Company accreted interest income related to PCD loans of $223,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $568,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024.
The provision for credit losses on loans increased by $640,000 to $2.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, from $1.9 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The increase in the provision for the current quarter was primarily due to an increase in reserves in the commercial and industrial and in multifamily loans related to risk rating downgrades of certain loans in the portfolio, and higher net charge-offs. Net charge-offs were $2.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as compared to net charge-offs of $2.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024.
Non-interest income decreased by $4.0 million, or 56.9%, to $3.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, from $7.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a $3.4 million gain on sale of property in the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Additionally, there was a $367,000 decrease in gains on sales of trading securities, net, and a $561,000 decrease in other income, primarily due to lower swap fee income. For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, losses on trading securities, net, were $299,000, compared to gains of $68,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Partially offsetting the decreases was a $362,000 increase in income on bank owned life insurance, primarily related to the exchange of certain policies late in the fourth quarter of 2024 which have higher yields.
Non-interest expense increased by $613,000, or 2.9%, to $21.4 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, from $20.8 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily due to increases of $280,000 in occupancy expense, related to higher repairs and maintenance costs, $201,000 in data processing costs due to an increase in core system expenses, $310,000 in professional fees primarily due to an increase in outsourced audit services and recruitment fees, and a $158,000 increase in credit loss expense/(benefit) for off-balance sheet exposure. The increase in credit loss/(benefit) for off-balance sheet exposure was due to a provision of $103,000 recorded during the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as compared to a benefit of $55,000 recorded during the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Partially offsetting the decreases was a $283,000 decrease in other expense.
The Company recorded income tax expense of $2.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, compared to $2.7 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The effective tax rate for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was 27.0%, compared to 19.2% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. The effective tax rate for the quarter ending December 31, 2024, was positively impacted by the revaluation of certain state deferred tax assets.
Financial Condition
Total assets increased by $43.6 million, or 0.8%, to $5.71 billion at March 31, 2025, from $5.67 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in available-for-sale debt securities of $145.7 million, or 13.2%, partially offset by decreases in cash and cash equivalents of $66.1 million, or 39.4%, loans receivable of $30.7 million, or 0.8% and other assets of $4.5 million, or 9.6%.
Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $66.1 million, or 39.4%, to $101.7 million at March 31, 2025, from $167.7 million at December 31, 2024, as excess liquidity was deployed into purchasing higher-yielding mortgage-backed securities. Balances fluctuate based on the timing of receipt of security and loan repayments and the redeployment of cash into higher-yielding assets such as loans and securities, or the funding of deposit outflows or borrowing maturities.
Loans held-for-investment, net, decreased by $30.7 million, or 0.8%, to $3.99 billion at March 31, 2025 from $4.02 billion at December 31, 2024, primarily due to decreases in multifamily real estate loans, partially offset by increases in home equity and lines of credit and construction and land loans. The decrease in loan balances reflects the Company's continued strategic focus on managing concentration risk within its commercial and multifamily real estate loan portfolios, while maintaining disciplined loan pricing. Multifamily loans decreased $29.6 million, or 1.1%, to $2.57 billion at March 31, 2025 from $2.60 billion at December 31, 2024, commercial real estate loans decreased $7.2 million, or 0.8%, to $882.6 million at March 31, 2025 from $889.8 million at December 31, 2024, one-to-four family residential loans decreased $3.4 million, or 2.3%, to $146.8 million at March 31, 2025 from $150.2 million at December 31, 2024, and commercial and industrial loans decreased $1.3 million, or 0.8%, to $162.1 million at March 31, 2025 from $163.4 million at December 31, 2024, and other loans decreased $754,000, or 34.8%, to $1.4 million at March 31, 2025 from $2.2 million at December 31, 2024. Partially offsetting these decreases were increases in home equity and lines of credit of $7.3 million, or 4.2%, to $181.4 million at March 31, 2025 from $174.1 million at December 31, 2024, and construction and land loans of $4.4 million, or 12.2%, to $40.3 million at March 31, 2025 from $35.9 million at December 31, 2024.
As of March 31, 2025, non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans (as defined by regulatory guidance) to total risk-based capital was estimated at approximately 424%. Management believes that Northfield Bank (the "Bank”) maintains appropriate risk management practices including risk assessments, board-approved underwriting policies and related procedures, which includes monitoring Bank portfolio performance, performing market analysis (economic and real estate), and stressing of the Bank's commercial real estate portfolio under severe, adverse economic conditions. Although management believes the Bank has implemented appropriate policies and procedures to manage its commercial real estate concentration risk, the Bank's regulators could require it to implement additional policies and procedures or could require it to maintain higher levels of regulatory capital, which might adversely affect its loan originations, the Company's ability to pay dividends, and overall profitability.
Our real estate portfolio includes credit risk exposure to loans collateralized by office buildings and multifamily properties in New York State subject to some form of rent regulation limiting rent increases for rent stabilized multifamily properties. At March 31, 2025, office-related loans represented $182.4 million, or 4.6% of our total loan portfolio, with an average balance of $1.7 million (although we have originated these type of loans in amounts substantially greater than this average) and a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of 59%. Approximately 39% were owner-occupied. The geographic locations of the properties collateralizing our office-related loans are: 50.0% in New York, 48.5% in New Jersey and 1.5% in Pennsylvania. At March 31, 2025, our largest office-related loan had a principal balance of $90.0 million (with a net active principal balance for the Bank of $29.5 million as we have a 33.3% participation interest), was secured by an office facility located in Staten Island, New York, and was performing in accordance with its original contractual terms. At March 31, 2025, multifamily loans that have some form of rent stabilization or rent control totaled approximately $435.8 million, or approximately 11% of our total loan portfolio, with an average balance of $1.7 million (although we have originated these type of loans in amounts substantially greater than this average) and a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of 51%. At March 31, 2025, our largest rent-regulated loan had a principal balance of $16.7 million, was secured by an apartment building located in Staten Island, New York, and was performing in accordance with its original contractual terms. Management continues to closely monitor its office and rent-regulated portfolios. For further details on our rent-regulated multifamily portfolio see "Asset Quality”.
PCD loans totaled $9.0 million and $9.2 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The majority of the remaining PCD loan balance consists of loans acquired as part of a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-assisted transaction. The Company accreted interest income of $223,000 attributable to PCD loans for three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $426,000 for three months ended March 31, 2024. PCD loans had an allowance for credit losses of approximately $2.7 million at March 31, 2025.
Loan balances are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||
| Real estate loans: | |||||
| Multifamily | $ | 2,567,913 | $ | 2,597,484 | |
| Commercial mortgage | 882,600 | 889,801 | |||
| One-to-four family residential mortgage | 146,791 | 150,217 | |||
| Home equity and lines of credit | 181,354 | 174,062 | |||
| Construction and land | 40,284 | 35,897 | |||
| Total real estate loans | 3,818,942 | 3,847,461 | |||
| Commercial and industrial loans | 162,133 | 163,425 | |||
| Other loans | 1,411 | 2,165 | |||
| Total commercial and industrial and other loans | 163,544 | 165,590 | |||
| Loans held-for-investment, net (excluding PCD) | 3,982,486 | 4,013,051 | |||
| PCD loans | 9,043 | 9,173 | |||
| Total loans held-for-investment, net | $ | 3,991,529 | $ | 4,022,224 | |
Equity securities were $10.9 million at March 31, 2025 and $14.3 million at December 31, 2024. Equity securities are primarily comprised of an investment in a Small Business Administration Loan Fund. This investment is utilized by the Bank as part of its Community Reinvestment Act program. The decrease in equity securities was primarily due to a decrease in money market mutual funds.
Total liabilities increased $37.2 million, or 0.7%, to $5.00 billion at March 31, 2025, from $4.96 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in borrowings of $42.8 million, partially offset by a decrease in total deposits of $6.5 million. The Company routinely utilizes brokered deposits and borrowed funds to manage interest rate risk, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, and funding needs related to loan originations and deposit activity.
Deposits decreased $6.5 million, or 0.2%, to $4.13 billion at March 31, 2025 as compared to $4.14 billion at December 31, 2024. Brokered deposits decreased by $140.1 million, or 53.2%, as the Company placed less reliance on brokered deposits which were used as a lower-cost alternative to borrowings in the trailing quarter. Deposits, excluding brokered deposits, increased $133.6 million, or 3.4%. The increase in deposits, excluding brokered deposits, was primarily attributable to increases of $97.1 million in transaction accounts and $41.6 million in time deposits, partially offset by decreases of $4.5 million in savings accounts, and $579,000 in money market accounts. Growth in transaction accounts and time deposits was primarily due to new municipal relationships and new commercial customer relationships.
Estimated gross uninsured deposits at March 31, 2025 were $1.95 billion. This total includes fully collateralized uninsured governmental deposits and intercompany deposits of $1.01 billion, leaving estimated uninsured deposits of approximately $934.7 million, or 22.6%, of total deposits. At December 31, 2024, estimated uninsured deposits totaled $896.5 million, or 21.7% of total deposits.
Deposit account balances are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||
| Transaction: | |||||
| Non-interest bearing checking | $ | 722,994 | $ | 706,976 | |
| Negotiable orders of withdrawal and interest-bearing checking | 1,367,219 | 1,286,154 | |||
| Total transaction | 2,090,213 | 1,993,130 | |||
| Savings and money market: | |||||
| Savings | 899,674 | 904,163 | |||
| Money market | 271,566 | 272,145 | |||
| Total savings | 1,171,240 | 1,176,308 | |||
| Certificates of deposit: | |||||
| $250,000 and under | 602,959 | 580,940 | |||
| Over $250,000 | 144,255 | 124,681 | |||
| Brokered deposits | 123,289 | 263,418 | |||
| Total certificates of deposit | 870,503 | 969,039 | |||
| Total deposits | $ | 4,131,956 | $ | 4,138,477 | |
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||
| Business customers | $ | 891,545 | $ | 885,769 | |
| Municipal (governmental) customers | $ | 929,611 | $ | 859,319 | |
The following table sets forth borrowing maturities (excluding overnight borrowings and subordinated debt) and the weighted average rate by year at March 31, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
| Year | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | ||
| 2025 | $160,684 | 3.89% | ||
| 2026 | 148,000 | 4.36% | ||
| 2027 | 173,000 | 3.19% | ||
| 2028 | 154,288 | 3.96% | ||
| $635,972 | 3.83% | |||
The Company's most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents, corporate bonds, and unpledged mortgage-related securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, Fannie Mae, or Freddie Mac, that we can either borrow against or sell. We also have the ability to surrender bank-owned life insurance contracts. The surrender of these contracts would subject the Company to income taxes and penalties for increases in the cash surrender values over the original premium payments. We also have the ability to obtain additional funding from the Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank of New York utilizing unencumbered and unpledged securities and multifamily loans. The Company expects to have sufficient funds available to meet current commitments in the normal course of business. The Company's on-hand liquidity ratio as of March 31, 2025 was 24.3%.
The Company had the following primary sources of liquidity at March 31, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
| Cash and cash equivalents(1) | $ | 89,139 | |
| Corporate bonds(2) | $ | 19,323 | |
| Multifamily loans(2) | $ | 547,043 | |
| Mortgage-backed securities (issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, Fannie Mae, or Freddie Mac)(2) | $ | 1,102,759 | |
(2) Represents estimated remaining borrowing potential.
The Company and the Bank utilize the Community Bank Leverage Ratio ("CBLR”) framework. At March 31, 2025, the Company and the Bank's estimated CBLR ratios were 12.08% and 12.62%, respectively, which exceeded the minimum requirement to be considered well-capitalized of 9%.
Asset Quality
The following table details total non-accrual loans (excluding PCD), non-performing assets, loans over 90 days delinquent on which interest is accruing, and accruing loans 30 to 89 days delinquent at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||
| Non-accrual loans: | |||||||
| Held-for-investment | |||||||
| Real estate loans: | |||||||
| Multifamily | $ | 2,565 | $ | 2,609 | |||
| Commercial mortgage | 4,565 | 4,578 | |||||
| Home equity and lines of credit | 1,267 | 1,270 | |||||
| Commercial and industrial | 4,972 | 5,807 | |||||
| Total non-accrual loans | 13,369 | 14,264 | |||||
| Loans delinquent 90 days or more and still accruing: | |||||||
| Held-for-investment | |||||||
| Real estate loans: | |||||||
| Multifamily | - | 164 | |||||
| One-to-four family residential | 878 | 882 | |||||
| Home equity and lines of credit | 140 | 140 | |||||
| Total loans held-for-investment delinquent 90 days or more and still accruing | 1,018 | 1,186 |
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