REJECTION or being excluded hurts. Many researchers 'found surprising evidence that the pain of being excluded is not so different from the pain of physical injury,' according to Kirstein Weir of the American Psychological Association (2012).

Obviously, this applies to the victim being rejected. But what if you're the oppressor or the one rejecting someone? Say, if you're a management consultant rejecting a potential client? In Johari's Window, this is called the hidden area. Meaning, the client may not understand why he's being rejected. Only the consultant knows the reason why he's rejecting a client, either directly or indirectly.