International accords on education

Part 1 – Treaties/Accords

ACCORDS are international agreements — instruments by which states and other subjects of international law, such as certain international organizations, regulate matters of concern to them. The agreements assume a variety of form and style, but they are all governed by the law of treaties, which is part of customary international law. (https://www.britannica.com/ topic/international-agreement) Such is our adoption of the K to 12 regarding the years needed to qualify as a HS graduate, which can be traced to the Bologna Accord. Academe's internationalization efforts drive us to learn more about education-related accords.

Accords/Treaties. In themselves, treaties are accords. [Accord Legal Definition: Everything You Need to Know (upcounsel.com)] Other synonyms of accords/treaties are alliances, compacts, conventions, covenants and pacts. The 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties defines a treaty as an "agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation." Treaties may be either contractual or lawmaking. In contractual treaties are treaties "the parties agree to settle or deal with a particular kind of business" — such as what European countries agreed on what would be the number of schooling years for each education level. Lawmaking treaties, are "instruments in which the parties formulate principles or detailed rules for their future conduct." (https://www.britannica.com/topic/international-agreement) Example of a treaty concluded by states and international organizations is the United Nations Charter (1945) which is both a multilateral treaty and the constituent instrument of the United Nations. Let us look into the Bologna Accord which deals with education.