The country’s mining laws face a number of implementation issues, including the issuance of permits and ordinances of local government units (LGUs) and the declaration of indigenous people (IP) claims, the Philippine Institute of Development Studies (PIDS) said.

In a policy note titled “Challenges in the Philippine mining industry,” author and PIDS Consultant Eligia Clemente said the presence of various agencies assigned to handle mining concerns has resulted in overlapping functions.