UNTIL not so long ago, countries used to impose high tariffs (import tax) on each other’s imported goods (and, at least at that time to a much lesser extent, services). The motivation behind such tariff measures was more a “passive” one for developing countries and “active” one for developed countries. There used to be a clear development distinction between countries, with developed countries manufacturing most of the goods (and providing most of the services) for developing countries to acquire (and thus import).